Читать книгу Global Tax Governance. Taxation on Digital Economy, Transfer Pricing and Litigation in Tax Matters (MAPs + ADR) Policies for Global Sustainability. Ongoing U.N. 2030 (SDG) and Addis Ababa Agendas онлайн
75 страница из 100
Finally, we would be remis if we did not touch upon the related issues of privacy and the emergence of central bank digital currencies. A battle beyond the realm of tax is clearly shaping up around the definition of money itself. We briefly discuss how the result of this battle may significantly alter the map of possibilities within tax.
THE GLOBAL TAX GAP AND ADMINISTRATIVE COST
In 2019 taxes of approximately $20 trillionssss1 were collected based upon global GDP of $88 trillion.ssss1 Above this substantial revenue, a tax gap of multiple trillions relative to a full compliance scenario likely exists. To estimate it, we take the two best known tax gap estimates which are the 2018 VAT gap in the EU of €140 billionssss1 and the 2010 US IRS gap estimated at $458 billion,ssss1 a resultant $623 billion combined. The combination of European VAT and US IRS revenue totals approximately $4.6 trillion in 2018. It would be 14% higher without the tax gap. If we simply gross up based upon 14% of $20 trillion, we come to very rough estimated global tax gap of $2.8 trillion.