Читать книгу Nuclear Physics 1. Nuclear Deexcitations, Spontaneous Nuclear Reactions онлайн

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4 Chapter 4Figure 4.1a. Experimental set-up of Frédéric and Irène Joliot-Curie that led to ...Figure 4.1b. Experimental set-up of Frédéric and Irène Joliot-Curie that led to ...Figure 4.2a. Description of a Geiger-Müller counterFigure 4.2b. Measuring principle using a Geiger-Müller counter. Source: https://...Figure 4.3. β⁻ emission spectrum of phosphorus-32Figure 4.4. β⁺ emission spectrum of phosphorus-30Figure 4.5. Sargent diagram in its original form according to [SAR 33]Figure 4.6. β⁻ decay energy diagram of cesium-137 (T = 32 years). The diagram sh...Figure 4.7. β⁺ decay energy diagram of sodium-22 (T = 2.58 years). The diagram s...Figure 4.8. Decay energy diagram of sodium-22 by electron capture (EC) and by β⁺...Figure 4.9. α and β⁻ decay modes of radon-221Figure 4.10. Process of atomic deexcitation by emission of X-rays or of an Auger...Figure 4.11. Relative arrangement of the K-, L- and M-shells of copper atomsFigure 4.12. Electron-hole recombination processesFigure 4.13. Evolution curves of the activities of tellurium-131 and its daughte...Figure 4.14. Variation in the activity, A2 (t), of a radionuclide, X2, obtained ...Figure 4.15. Natural series of thorium. The stable end product of the family tre...Figure 4.16. Artificial series of neptunium. The stable end product of the famil...Figure 4.17. Natural series of uranium-235. The stable end product of the family...Figure 4.18. Natural series of uranium-238 (often called uranium-radium series)....Figure 4.19. Decay energy diagram of vanadium-48Figure 4.20. Energy spectra of β particles emitted by copper-64Figure 4.21. β decay energy diagram of indium-114Figure 4.22. Distribution of nucleons of titanium-48: (a) shell structure derive...Figure 4.23. Distribution of nucleons of vanadium-48: (a) shell structure derive...Figure 4.24. The most probable electric quadrupole transitions (E2) between exci...Figure 4.25. Decay energy diagram of vanadium-74Figure 4.26. Maximum energy of β− and β+ spectra of copper-64Figure 4.27. Decay energy diagram of potassium-48. Of particular note are its th...