Читать книгу Dry Beans and Pulses Production, Processing, and Nutrition онлайн

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Thus far, no commercially available bean varieties developed through genetic modification (GM) or through gene engineering are being marketed in the US. Beans have lagged behind soybeans in the utilization of this technology for a number of reasons (Veltcheva et al. 2005; Song et al. 2020). The major reason was the absence of an incentive to develop a GM bean by private industry as the acreage base is so small compared to soybean. This meant that there was limited investment or financial resources targeted to develop a GM bean, either in the public or private sector. In addition, the smaller acreage planted to dry beans is dispersed over six to eight major market classes in addition to the different horticultural types, so no economic incentive existed to pursue the development of GM bean as any financial returns would be small. Since beans are cropped with soybeans, the private sector did not want herbicide‐resistant volunteer beans appearing in the soybean or corn crop the following season. The additional hurdle was the recalcitrant nature of beans to regeneration and plant transformation.