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ssss1 Seed size of selected commercial market classes of dry beans (expressed as seed count per pound).

Source: Smoliak et al. (1990), Kandel and Endre (2019).

Commercial market class Seeds/Pound Black 2,100–2,500 Cranberry 900–1,000 White kidney 825–1,280 Great northern 1,300–1,600 Light/dark red kidney 800–1,000 Navy 2,200–2,400 Pink 1,300–1,600 Pinto 1,200–1,600 Small red 1,300–2,000 Yellow 1,000–1750

Seed size is influenced by growing conditions, seed maturity, and position within the plant canopy and the individual pod. Variation in seed size has been demonstrated under differential abiotic conditions (low moisture and high temperatures). Exceptionally small seed size diminishes processing performance (e.g., decreased hydration capacity and minimal swelling). Therefore, seeds are commercially screened to remove smaller seed and to increase the homogeneity of the lot. Selectively screening by size increases the hydration yield performance of a bean lot and enhances the consistency of the finished product.