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ssss1 Pulses as environmentally sustainable food source for healthy people and healthy animals.

Source: Adapted from GAP.org (2016).

 Nitrogen fixing. Legume crops are distinguished by their unique ability to “fix nitrogen” and thus have significant impact on their need for soil‐borne nitrogen (Liu et al. 2011). By contrast, typically, major crops such as corn, wheat, and rice require added nitrogen to be productive and yield sufficiently to be economically viable. A progressive crop rotation is essential to maintain vital soil health and for managing weeds and disease pressure. Growers are generally diversified among several crops (e.g., corn, wheat, soybeans) – they are not exclusively dry bean producers on their farm acreage. Therefore, most fields are used for dry beans or other pulses every 3–5 years depending on the prescribed rotation. Not only do pulses directly benefit from the root‐nodulation encapsulated symbiotic bacteria, rhizobia, that generate soil nitrogen, but there is significant carryover nitrogen levels that benefit the subsequent rotation crop.