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6 ssss1 Periplus Maris Erythraei 20: 7.14–15 (he himself sailed), 29:9.27 (mentions “the trees we have in Egypt”); Casson 1989: 6–8. Potts 1990: 316 notes that the author was not so familiar with the Arabian Gulf and the Characene coast. See also Parker 2001.

7 ssss1 Pliny HN 6.138–139: originally a foundation of Alexander, the city was refounded by a Seleucid king Antiochos, and renamed Antiocheia, and then taken over by Spaosines, founder of the Characene kingdom (later known as Mesene) in the late second century BCE, hence the city’s later name: Charax Spasinou, “Charax of Spasinos.” See also Potts 1990: 145–146; Fraser 1996: 168–169.

8 ssss1 Pliny names “Dionysius of Charax,” but based on Isidorus’s text, it is probable that they are the same man.

9 ssss1 For the title Stations: FGrH 781 F2 §19; for Guidebook: Athen. 3.46 = FGrH 781 F1.

10 ssss1 The stemma for the MSS tradition shows the two Parisian codices were copied from an unknown earlier volume compiled by Marcianus of Heraclea.