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Bacillus Influenzæ in Measles.
Table XIncidence of B. Influenzæ in 400 Consecutive Cases of Measles as Determined by Throat Culture at Time of Admission to the Base HospitalDATENUMBER OF CASESB. INFLUENZA FOUNDNUMBERPER CENTSept. 16–Oct. 41002727Oct. 4–Oct. 101003232Oct. 10–Oct. 151003232Oct. 15–Oct. 191004848The prevalence of B. influenzæ in cases of measles during the period of the influenza epidemic corresponded very closely with that found in normal individuals under similar circumstances. The increasing proportion of cases carrying B. influenzæ as the epidemic of influenza advanced is further evidence of the wide dissemination of the organism during the epidemic.
Table XIIncidence of B. Influenzæ in 830 Throat Cultures in 487 Cases of Measles; Cultures Repeated at Weekly IntervalsDATENUMBER OF CASESB. INFLUENZA FOUNDNUMBERPER CENTSept. 10–15471531.9Sept. 16–291063331.1Sept. 30–Oct. 61223831.1Oct. 7–132359640.8Oct. 14–2032015749.1Total83033940.8Table XIITotal Number of B. Influenzæ Carriers Among 223 Cases of Measles as Determined by Repeated Throat Cultures at Weekly Intervals after Admission to HospitalTIMES CULTUREDNUMBER OF CASESNUMBER OF CULTURESB. INFLUENZÆ FOUNDTOTAL CARRIERS IN ONE OR MORE CULTURESNUMBERPER CENTNUMBERPER CENT21291st3728.78263.62nd6348.83691st2028.95275.42nd3144.93rd3347.84251st6242184.02nd10403rd13524th1456It is evident from the figures presented in Table XII that a large percentage of the measles cases studied were at one time or another carriers of B. influenzæ. In consideration of this fact, it must be borne in mind that all these cases were cultured during the period when the influenza epidemic was at its height and that many of these cases had influenza while in the hospital for measles. No data are available as to the exact number, since a definite diagnosis of influenza could hardly be made during the acute stage of measles. It is probable that approximately 25 per cent developed influenza, since that was the incidence of influenza in the total population of Camp Pike. The consistent increase in the percentage of influenza carriers clearly demonstrates that this was due to wide dissemination of B. influenzæ with the progress of the epidemic. Another point of exceeding interest is that the percentage of measles cases carrying B. influenzæ in the throat was lowest during the acute stage of the disease and increased during convalescence. This is in direct contrast with the results found in cases of influenza where the number of cases carrying B. influenzæ in the throat was highest during the acute stage and rapidly diminished in uncomplicated cases with the onset of convalescence.