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The accurate Mr Greaves[V], from repeated experiments, concluded the Roman denarius to contain 62 grains English Troy weight, from which the proportions of the other weights are determined.
No. V.
Grains. Scruples. Drachms. Ounces. PoundTroy. gr. ℈ Ʒ ℥ ℔ 5760 or 288 or 96 or 12 == 1 480 or 24 or 8 == 1 60 or 3 == 1 20 == 1 1Celsus’s weights compared with apothecaries’ weights.
No. VI.
Grains of Sextan- Dena- Semun- Ses- Li- Apothecaries’. Troy wt. tes. rii. ciæ. Unciæ. cun. bra. ℥ Ʒ ℈ gr. 5208 or 504 or 84 or 24 or 12 or 8 == 1 == 10 : 6 : 2 : 8 651 or 63 or 101/2 or 3 or 11/2 == 1 — — == 1 : 2 : 2 : 11 434 or 42 or 7 or 2 == 1 — — — — == 0 : 7 : 0 : 14 217 or 21 or 31/2 == 1 — — — — — — == 0 : 3 : 1 : 17 62 or 6 == 1 — — — — — — — — == 0 : 1 : 0 : 2 101/3 == 1 — — — — — — — — — — == 0 : 0 : 0 : 101/2 1 — — — — — — — — — — — — == 0 : 0 : 0 : 1Note 1st. The Romans divided all integers, as they did their as, into twelve equal parts called unciæ. Thus the sextans was the sixth part of the as, containing two of these unciæ, quadrans one fourth, or three unciæ, triens the third part, or four unciæ, semis one half, or six unciæ, bes or bessis two-thirds, or eight unciæ, dodrans three-fourths being nine unciæ. The weight of these then differs, as the integer is the libra, the uncia, or denarius, which the attentive reader will easily reduce, if he is disposed to calculate the quantities, observing that they are not to be taken for aliquot parts of the denarius, but when they follow the mark of the denarius. The integer preceding, and the nature of the composition will be the best explication.