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Benedetti continued:

I do not wish to keep any remarkable effect of this system a secret from you ... the round opening the size of one small mirror may be filled in with one of those spectacles which are made for old people (but not the kind for those of short sight), but one whose both surfaces are convex, not concave. Then set up a white sheet of paper (as the screen), so far back from the opening that the objects on the outside may appear on it. And if indeed these outside objects are illuminated by the sun they will be seen so clearly and distinctly that nothing will seem to be more beautiful or more delightful. The only objection is that the objects will appear inverted. But if we wish to see those objects upright, this can be done best by interposing another plane mirror.

In the revised and expanded edition of his Natural Magic, Porta gave a more complete description of the uses of the camera. Part of the text was identical with the earlier accounts; part was new.


Ars Magna Lucis et Umbrae, 1646

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