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In the original Wright aeroplane, and in the majority of monoplanes, no ailerons are used, the rear of main wing tip being bent down bodily to increase the lift. This is known as "wing warping," and is practically a single acting process since the depressing force on the high tip is seldom as effective as the lift on the low. Warping is not generally used on modern biplanes since it is impossible to maintain a strong rigid structure with flexible tips. The control warping and twisting of such wings soon loosens them up and destroys what remaining strength they may have had.

Figs. 17-23. Showing Use of Ailerons in Maintaining Lateral Balance.

Banking and Turning

Fig. 24. A Deperdussin Monoplane Banking Around a Sharp Turn at High Speed. Note the Elevation of the Outer Wing Tip and the Angle Made with the Horizontal by the Wings. Speed, 105 Miles Per Hour.

Standard "H-3" Training Biplane.

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Divisions of Service

At the present time there are eight principle functions performed by military aeroplanes: