Читать книгу The Etymology and Syntax of the English Language Explained and Illustrated онлайн
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CHAPTER I.
OF THE NOUN.
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SECTION I.
Noun (Nomen) is that part of speech which expresses the subject of discourse, or which is the name of the thing spoken of, as, table, house, river.
Of nouns there are two kinds, proper and appellative.
A proper noun, or name, is the name of an individual, as Alexander, London, Vesuvius.
An appellative, or common noun, expresses a genus, or class of things, and is common or applicable to every individual of that class.
Nouns or Substantives (for these terms are equivalent) have also been divided into natural, artificial, and abstract. Of the first class, man, horse, tree, are examples. The names of things of our own formation are termed artificial substantives, as, watch, house, ship. The names of qualities or properties, conceived as existing by themselves, or separated from the substances to which they belong, are called abstract nouns; while Adjectives, expressing these qualities as conjoined with their subjects, are called concretes. Hard, for example, is termed the concrete, hardness the abstract.