Читать книгу Small Animal Laparoscopy and Thoracoscopy онлайн
222 страница из 232
A blended waveform results in simultaneous coagulation and cutting. Whereas blend 1 is more effective at cutting with minimal hemostasis, blend 3 results in better hemostasis and decreased cutting (see ssss1). Many surgeons prefer to use the blend waveform because it provides a trade‐off between thermal tissue damage and hemostasis.
Despite its name, the cutting waveform can be used for coagulation, and in some scenarios, it is recommended over the coagulation waveform. An example is when applying electrosurgery to the hemostat or forceps in what is referred to as coaptive coagulation. In this scenario, cutting energy is recommended because this produces deeper hemostasis and less thermal spread compared with coagulation energy. Coagulation results in rapid increase in impedance from char at the electrode. As impedance increases, more power is needed to penetrate deeper tissues. Instead, cutting energy heats up the tissue more quickly, minimizing char accumulation and allowing energy to penetrate deeper into the target tissues. With coaptive coagulation, the flattened vessel wall becomes fused as the current is applied to the instrument. Heat denatures the outer vessel wall and dehydrates the vessel, halting blood flow.