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The Schleswig-Holstein campaign, says George Korn in his “Progress of Medicine during the Nineteenth Century,” furnished a great stimulus to the advance of German surgery, by providing an extensive field for the activity of such men as von Langenbeck, Stromeyer and his son-in-law, Esmarch. The scantiness of available space, as well as of satisfactory sources of information, compels me to give here only the briefest details concerning these three distinguished surgeons.

The founder of modern German surgery, says George Korn, was Bernhard von Langenbeck (1810–1887). When he began active work as a surgeon he was already thoroughly familiar with human anatomy, physiology and pathology, and with the experimental methods of research. His first appearance as a teacher was at the University of Goettingen, where he remained for a few years, and then moved to Berlin, to occupy the chair of surgery vacated in 1847 by the death of Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach. In 1882 he gave up his professorship in Berlin and retired to Wiesbaden, where he spent the remainder of his life in quietude.