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I take this opportunity of again thanking many who have assisted me, and for the generous tone of the criticisms in the public press.

Muzaffarpur, 15th November 1902. G. W. DISNEY.

SANITATION

OF

MOFUSSIL BAZAARS.

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Owing to the fact that earth for the construction of most of the huts in a bazaar has been excavated from the immediate vicinity of the buildings, it is a matter of much consideration to determine the most suitable levels the surface drains should start at, as it is of importance that these should be as shallow as circumstances admit of in order that they may obtain the full benefit of purification by sun and air. By adopting as high a level as possible at the head of the drain it enables better gradients, or falls, to be given which aids much in self-cleansing. The greatest care should be taken not to lose, or waste what little fall there is in the plains, as this is simply invaluable. Deep drains rapidly become foul at the sides and bottom, are difficult to flush owing to the quantity of water required to do so effectively, and great temptation is also given to adjacent house-holders to bridge them over with wide platforms, the consequence being that, sooner or later, the storm-water drain, designed as an open one, and for which it may originally have been more or less suitable, soon changes its character, and becomes a badly designed sewer, which imprisons and concentrates noxious effluvia. When a drain runs beneath a road, provision should be made for a part of it being easily uncovered to admit of examination and cleaning. All drains should open into others at acute, and not at right angles, and must join at top to top, and not at base level; where necessary the difference of level can be made up by falls.