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External applications to the skin, which produce a serous or puriform discharge, by previously exciting a high state of inflammation.

When these agents act so mildly as merely to excite inflammation, without occasioning the effusion of serum, they are denominated Rubefacients.

Various substances have at different times, been proposed for the accomplishment of this object,—such as Nitric Acid, Boiling Water, Strong Acetic Acid, Tartarized Antimony, &c. It is, however, generally admitted, that no substance ever employed equals in efficacy, or certainty, the Cantharis Vesicatoria, the common blistering, or Spanish fly; and whose effects may serve to illustrate the modus operandi of this class of remedies.

By the application of a Blister, the extreme blood vessels are excited into increased action, by which inflammation is occasioned, and the exhalants made to pour out a thin serous fluid which separates the cuticle from the true skin, and forms a vesicle or blister.