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According to Pliny (vii. 57), ‘Aristotle supposes that Scythes, the Lydian, was the first to fuse and temper copper; while Theophrastus,[189] in Aristotle’s day, ascribes the art to Delas, the Phrygian. Some give the origin to the Chalybes, others to the Cyclopes.’ Achilles, the pupil of Chiron (ibid. v. 20), is represented in pictures as scraping the ærugo[190] or verdigris off a spear into the wound of Telephus, the effect of which diacetate would soon be followed by the discovery of blue-stone (sulphate of copper, blue copperas) or blue vitriol, still a favourite in the East. Pausanias (‘Æliaca’) further informs us that Spanish copper, or copper from Tartessus, was the first used. The classics agree that Cadmus (not ‘the foreigner,’ but the ‘old man,’ El-Kadim, or the ‘Eastern man,’ El-Kadmi) introduced metallurgy into Greece.

EGYPTIAN COPPER MINES.

Fig. 73.—Sephuris at Wady Magharah (oldest Rock Tablets). Third Dynasty.

Fig. 74.—Soris and the Canaanites at Wady Magharah (oldest Rock Tablets). Fourth Dynasty.