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“This is a very curious phenomenon, which can be verified experimentally: if we cut off the wing, while sparing the larval integument around the thoracic spiracles, we preserve the two tracheal systems; the same operation performed after complete removal of the larval skin does not give the secondary tracheal system.” (Gonin.) Deceived by the appearance of the tracheoles while still undeveloped, Landois and Pancritius, who have not mentioned the drawing out of the capillaries of the larva, affirm that they are destroyed by resorption in the chrysalis.

“The study of the tracheæ is closely connected with that of the veins (nervures). It is well to guard against the error of Verson, who mistakes for these last the large tracheal branches of the wing. This confusion is easily explained; it proves that Verson had, with us, recognized that the secondary system is, in the larva, exempt from all respiratory function. Landois thought that the pupal period was the time of formation of the veins. It seems to me probable that they are derived from the sheath of the peritracheal spaces.” (Gonin, pp. 30–33.)