Читать книгу Resilience. Persistence and Change in Landscape Forms онлайн

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In conclusion, we shall show how ecology, geography and archeogeography, domains in which the dynamics of landscape and spatial systems play an important role, converge toward a certain number of shared concepts, paving the way for a common approach in which landscapes may be considered as complex, adaptive and resilient systems.

Morphological analysis, the science or study of forms, first emerged in the 19th century. First used in biology, with respect to the external form and structure of living beings, and in linguistics, with respect to the different forms and rules governing the internal structure of wordsssss1, it is later used in the social sciences to describe functional structures and groups. In geography, history and architecture, the development of new representations of landscape, using planimetry, gave rise to a school of research based on morphological analysis. This approach was used across the domains of human geography, history and archeology, based on the shared idea that material or spatial realizations – or artifacts – cast light on social organizations.