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It was probably towards the close of the Hyksos period that Joseph was made governor of Egypt, under the latest of the Shepherd Kings. The seventeenth dynasty saw the last of these foreigners, and after their expulsion the New Empire began, near the end of the eighteenth century before Christ. The eighteenth and nineteenth dynasties included several monarchs of great renown; and as the Israelitish sojourn falls chiefly within this period, it will be useful to give here a chronological list.
Monarchs of the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Dynasties, with approximate dates, according to Brugsch.
Eighteenth Dynasty. B.C. Aahmes, Amosis; its founder 1700 Amenhotep I. (Amenophis) 1666 Thothmes I. (Thotmosis) 1633 Thothmes II. and his sister-wife Hatshepsu 1600 Thothmes III. Amenhotep II., Son of Thothmes III. 1566 Thothmes IV. 1533 Amenhotep III., Son of Queen Mutemna 1500 Amenhotep IV., afterwards called Khuenaten 1466 Nineteenth Dynasty. Rameses I. 1400 Seti I. (Sethos) Menephtah 1366 Rameses II. (Sesostris) Miamun 1333 Menephtah II. (Menepthes) 1300 Seti II. Menephtah III., son of Menephtah II. 1266 Setnakht-Merer-Miamun II. 1233Rameses II. was the Pharaoh of the Oppression; and the Israelites left Egypt in the reign of his successor, Menephtah.