Читать книгу Small Animal Laparoscopy and Thoracoscopy онлайн

118 страница из 232

Rigid endoscopes are more convenient than flexible endoscopes for examining and performing procedures in body cavities [7–9]. Rigid scopes (i.e., telescopes) are also much simpler in design and less expensive than flexible endoscopes. Despite their lens system and fiber optics, they do not contain flexible materials, are easier to clean and maintain, and have a longer working lifespan [10]. Some models may include a working channel, integrated instrument, or a variable viewing angle, which allows a wider viewing field, in narrow deep anatomical regions. State‐of‐the‐art rigid telescopes are constructed with high‐quality optical glass rod lenses (HOPKINS^® rod lenses), producing high‐quality images that are bright, magnified, wide angle, and of high resolution and contrast [1–5, 9]. No single model of rigid endoscope is universally suitable. The appropriately sized telescope should be selected based on the surgical procedure, size, and morphology of the patient and ultimately by the preference and experience of the surgeon. Although smaller scopes tend to be more versatile, they are also more prone to breakage, and their illumination capacity is limited when used in larger, more light‐absorptive cavities such as the abdomen or thorax of large breed dogs.