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ssss1 Image troubleshooting guide.

Problem Possible cause Resolution Image is not clear Fogged or dirty lens Blot distal lens of telescope on live tissue or apply antifog agent to lens. Fogged distal lens Immerse telescope in warm sterile water or apply antifog agent to lens. Dirty eyepiece, camera, or adapter Clean using cotton swab moistened with sterile water. Lens not adjusted to operator's eyesight Rotate focus adjustment ring on camera head until image is clear. Internal fluid damage or cracked rod lens Moisture within telescope will permanently cloud lens in distal end or eyepiece (repair by manufacturer). Misconnected camera on telescope eyepiece Check for proper coupling and positioning of camera head to telescope by adjusting adapter. Image is too dark or too bright Dirty light guide Clean light‐guide connector and distal tip using gauze moistened with sterile water. Improper light source or camera settings Adjust brightness control knob, camera gain, or manual aperture setting. Old or improperly installed lamp Properly install lamp; replace old lamp. Image is too blue White balance improperly done or not done before telescope insertion into patient Remove telescope from patient, clean distal lens, and perform white balance correctly. Deficient illumination Bulb lifespan ending Check working hours on light source; replace bulb or activate alternate bulb inside light source. Improperly connected light cable Check for correct and full insertion of light‐transmitting cable. Worn light cable (broken fibers) If >30% of light‐transmitting capacity is lost, then substitute cable. Light source on stand‐by mode Check and press stand‐by button to activate light output. Light source is turned down Increase light source output. Loss of pneumoperitoneum Empty tank or closed valve from gas supply Check gas remaining in tank; replace tank; open valves of general gas supply. Open Luer‐lock on one or more trocars, leaking gas Check and close all stopcocks except the one coming from the insufflator. Blockage of line going to patient Be sure the tip of the Veress needle is not blocked by tissue and that the valve on the Veress needle or gas input cannula is open to incoming gas. Leaky cannula valve or sealing cap Assure proper assembly and functioning of each cannula and replace any worn sealing caps. Leakage around portal sites Check for leakage around wounds and suture closed where necessary. No image on screen or monitor or black and white image only Connector into front of the camera control unit (CCU) is not fully inserted, dirty, or wet Clean and dry the connector and replace securely. Video cables between the CCU and monitor are faulty or not tightly connected Tighten connections and replace cables, if necessary. Camera head cable that connects to CCU is damaged Send to the manufacturer for repair. One or more devices in the video chain are not activated or damaged Check that all devices in the video chain are turned on and have proper and tightly connected power cords.

ssss1 Rigid endoscopes used in laparoscopy and thoracoscopy. From bottom to top: 4 mm 30°; 5 mm 0°; 10 mm 0° and 10 mm ENDOCAMELEON variable angle laparoscope.