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39 Chapter 36Figure 36.1 Normal anatomy. Left aortic arch (LAA) with the brachiocephalic ...Figure 36.2 Vascular ring anomalies with persistent right aortic arch (PRAA)...Figure 36.3 Vascular ring anomalies without PRAA. (A) Left aortic arch (LAA)...Figure 36.4 Operating room setup for vascular ring anomaly treatment.Figure 36.5 Portal placements for vascular ring anomaly treatment. If one‐lu...Figure 36.6 Esophagram of a dog with a persistent right aortic arch and seve...Figure 36.7 Endoscopy of the esophagus. The aortic arch is on the right side...Figure 36.8 Three 5‐mm thoracoscopic cannulas with low profile. Those cannul...Figure 36.9 (A) View of the cranial part of the thoracic cavity with the dil...Figure 36.10 The ligamentum arteriosum (in the forceps) has been dissected f...Figure 36.11 Vascular clips have been placed on the ligamentum arteriosum. T...Figure 36.12 (A, B) Remaining fibers (black arrows) have been picked up from...Figure 36.13 Esophageal ballooning used to identify remaining fibrous bands ...Figure 36.14 Dorsal compression of the esophagus cranial to the ligamentum a...