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ssss1 High‐quality web cameras enable real‐time imaging to a relatively low cost.

ssss1 Logotype for the Veterinary Assessment of Laparoscopic Skills (VALS) training and assessment program.

Source: Veterinary Assessment of Laparoscopic Skills.

Tasks included in VALS include peg transfer, pattern cutting, ligature loop placement, and intra‐ and extracorporeal suturing.

1 Pegboard transfer: Laparoscopic grasping forceps in the nondominant hand are used to lift each of six pegs from a pegboard, transfer them to a grasper in the dominant hand, place them on a second pegboard, and finally reverse the exercise (ssss1).

2 Pattern cutting: This task involves cutting a 4‐cm diameter circular pattern out of a 10 × 15‐cm piece of a gauze suspended between clips (ssss1).

3 Ligature loop placement: The task involves placing a ligature loop pretied with a laparoscopic slip knot over a mark placed on a foam model and cinching it down with a disposable‐type knot pusher (ssss1).

4 Extracorporeal suturing: A simple interrupted suture using long (90‐cm) suture on a taper point needle is placed through marked needle entry and exit points in a slitted Penrose drain segment. The first throw in the knot is tied extracorporeally with a slip knot and cinched down by use of a knot pusher. Thereafter, three single square throws are placed by use of laparoscopic needle holders and the suture is cut (ssss1).ssss1 Peg transfer task. Six objects are lifted from the left‐sided pegs with the nondominant (usually left hand) grasper, transferred mid‐air to the dominant hand grasper, and then placed on a right‐sided peg. The exercise is then reversed.ssss1 Pattern cut task. A 4‐cm circle is cut, with a penalty applied if the cut is outside the mark.ssss1 Ligature loop application task.