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Figure 14.4D Silver tetradrachm of Philip I (244–249 CE), minted at Rome for circulation in Syria. Most of the coinage circulating in Syria was minted locally, but a few issues were produced at mints outside the region. That Rome was the mint for this coinage is apparent from the style, which is exactly like that of contemporary Roman imperial coins of Philip, and the abbreviation MON(eta) VRB(is), “mint of Rome,” beneath the eagle on the reverse.

Figure 14.4E Base silver tetradrachm of the Syrian usurper Uranius Antoninus (c. 253 CE), minted at Emesa. This ruler, known only through his coinage, may have been the last to produce a silver coinage of Greek type in the Near East. The reverse carries the image of an eagle with a wreath in its beak, following the tradition exhibited by coins 14.2C, 14.3B, 14.4A, and 14.4D.

Figure 14.5A Radiate of the eastern usurper Quietus (260 CE), produced at an uncertain mint in the east (Antioch?). The obverse bears a portrait of Quietus; the reverse depicts the goddess Roma.