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KEY POINTS – At first sight difficult to access, particularly due to its innovative and radical character, the socio-technical analysis of innovations has the merit of “hammering the nail in” by breaking down most of the commonplaces that are frequently trotted out about innovation. It invites us to study failures as well as successes; to avoid focusing on the inventor and to substitute a collective or even systemic interpretation; and to avoid isolating the social and technical dimensions of the processes being studied. Indeed, innovation implies dealing with complex material elements (technologies, practice spaces, materials, objects, production systems, etc.) that will have a determining influence on the future of an invention. Three principles of symmetry summarize the foundations of this approach: “equal attention paid to successes and failures, to humans and non-humans, but also to associations and dissociations” (Goulet and Vinck 2012, p. 219). This reticular interpretive framework allowing detailed and realistic accounts of innovation dynamics will constitute the central approach mobilized in this handbook. Innovation – whether it starts in an R&D office or in a lead user’s garage – is never a solitary process. From the invention phase onwards, it is important to surround oneself with support and resources in order to make an idea or a prototype exist, evolve and become more reliable. An innovation trajectory is a collective journey involving human and non-human actors, because to succeed, the invention must be socialized and appropriated by increasingly large and heterogeneous groups.