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ssss1.See the complete quoted references in that work.
ssss1.See paragraph 38 of the Preamble and Article 22 of the Directive 2012/29/UE. See also art. 22.4 of the Spanish criminal code.
ssss1.Nick Haslam (2016) coined the idea of “concept creep” to help understand the expansion in the general use of some concepts coming from Psychology (abuse/neglect; bullying; trauma; mental disorder; addiction; and prejudice) that might bring an increasing sensitivity to harm with diverse effects in society.
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Public policies for victims and the role of the media: activism and victimism
1. VICTIM ACTIVISM AND VICTIM POLICIES
1.1. VICTIM ACTIVISM, MEDIA AND PARTISAN MANIPULATION RISK
Remembering Becker’s remarks on minimum objectivity (1965) and the need for a critical perspective in social science, Victimology should be understood as something different from victim activism (Fattah, 2006). Despite the slow advancement in taking into account victims’ needs and rights, thanks to victim activism, victim support services have been created and victims’ rights have been brought to the fore in the criminal justice system, with greater or lesser success (Cerezo, 2011).