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3) The feminist movement promotion of the adoption of the Organic Act 1/2004 of 28 December on integrated protection measures against gender violence.

4) The 2007 so-called Historical Memory Act (complemented by a 2021 draft on Democratic Memory) on victims of persecution during the Civil War and Francoismssss1.

5) The adoption of the Act 4/2015 of 27 April 2015 on the Statute of the Victim of Crime (transposing the 2012/29/EU Directive on victims’ rights).

Among the main victim stories or events and their impact on the Spanish victim policy or practice, we can recall the following:

1) The emergence of the Association for Victims of Terrorism, created by several women victims of the terrorist group ETA, among them, Ana María Vidal-Abarca López (Alonso, 2017), in 1981, when there was no support for them, despite the number of killings and attacks.

2) The Alcasser casessss1, regarding three female teenagers kidnapped, raped and murdered which initiated the public debate on the secondary victimisation caused by the media.