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Fig. 71.—Section through the anterior part of the head of Anabrus (the mandibles removed), showing the relations of the hypopharynx (hyp) to the opening of the salivary duct (sd): g, galea; l, lacinia; mt, mentum; oe, œsophagus; lbr, labrum; cl, clypeus.

In the Locustidæ (Anabrus, Fig. 71) the tongue (hypopharynx) is a broad, somewhat flattened lobe arising from the upper part of the base of the mentum and behind the palpifer. This lobe is cavernous underneath, the hollow being the salivary receptacle (sr); the latter is situated over the opening of the salivary duct, which is placed between the base of both the hypopharynx and the labium. The salivary fluid apparently has to pass up and around on each side of the hypopharynx in order to mix with the food.

These relations in the Orthoptera are also the same in the Perlidæ, where the hypopharynx is well developed, forming an unusually large tongue-like mass, nearly filling the buccal cavity.

Fig. 72.—Lingua of a May-fly, Heptagenia longicauda, ×16: m, central; l, lateral pieces.—After Vayssière from Sharp.